The Bovine AMH ELISA is a quantitative three-step sandwich type immunoassay.  In the first step serially diluted Calibrators and unknown samples are added to AMH antibody coated micro titer wells and incubated. After the first incubation and washing, the wells are incubated with biotinylated AMH antibody solution. After second incubation and washing, the wells are incubated with streptavidin horseradish peroxidase conjugate (SHRP) solution.  After the third incubation and washing step, the wells are incubated with substrate solution (TMB) followed by an acidic stopping solution. In principle, the antibody-biotin conjugate binds to the solid phase antibody-antigen complex which in turn binds to the streptavidin-enzyme conjugate. The antibody-antigen-biotin conjugate-SHRP complex bound to the well is detected by enzyme-substrate reaction. The degree of enzymatic turnover of the substrate is determined by dual wavelength absorbance measurement at 450 nm as primary test filter and 630 nm as reference filter. The absorbance measured is directly proportional to the concentration of AMH in the samples and calibrators.

AMH (Bovine) CLIA AL-214
Gobikrushanth M, Dutra PA, Bruinje TC, Colazo MG, Butler ST, Ambrose DJ. Repeatability of antral follicle counts and anti-Müllerian hormone and their associations determined at an unknown stage of follicular growth and an expected day of follicular wave emergence in dairy cows. Theriogenology. 2017 Apr 1;92:90-94. Epub 2017 Jan 11.

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Gobikrushanth M, Dutra PA, Felton CA, Ruiz-Sanchez A, Bruinje TC, Colazo MG, Butler ST, Ambrose DJ. The association between Anti-Mullerian Hormone concentrations, antral follicle count and fertility measures in dairy cows. Presented at ADSA-ASAS-CSAS-WSASAS Joint Annual Meeting July 19-23, Salt Lake City, UT

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Gobikrushanth M, Dutra PA, Felton CA, Ruiz-Sanchez A, Bruinje TC, Colazo MG, Butler ST, Ambrose DJ. The repeatability of antral follicle count and anti-Müllerian hormone concentration at two different postpartum stages in dairy cattle. Presented at ADSA-ASAS-CSAS-WSASAS Joint Annual Meeting July 19-23, Salt Lake City, UT

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Ribeiro ES, Bisinotto RS, Lima FS, Greco LF, Morrison A, Kumar A, Thatcher WW, Santos JE. Plasma anti-Müllerian hormone in adult dairy cows and associations with fertility. Journal of Dairy Science. 2014 Nov; 97(11):6888-900.

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Ribeiro ES, Cerri R, Bisinotto R, Lima F, Greco L, Morrison A, Kumar A, Thatcher W, Santos J. Associations Between Plasma Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Fertility Responses of Seasonally Calving Grazing Dairy Cows. Poster session presented at American Dairy Science Association; 2012; July 15-19; Phoenix, AZ.

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Ribeiro ES, Greco LF, Bisinotto RS, Lima FS, Thatcher WW, Santos JE. Biology of Preimplantation Conceptus at the Onset of Elongation in Dairy Cows. Biol Reprod. 2016 Apr;94(4):97. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.134908. Epub 2016 Mar 2. PMID: 26935601.

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Xu J, Xu F, Lawson MS, Tkachenko OY, Ting AY, Kahl CA, Park BS, Stouffer RR, Bishop CV. Anti-Müllerian hormone is a survival factor and promotes the growth of rhesus macaque preantral follicles during matrix-free culture. Biol Reprod. 2017 Dec 27.

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AMH (Bovine) ELISA AL-114
Akbarinejad V, Gharagozlou F, Vojgani M. Temporal effect of maternal heat stress during gestation on the fertility and anti-Müllerian hormone concentration of offspring in bovine. Theriogenology. 2017 Sep 1;99:69-78.

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Alward KJ, Graves WM, Palomares RA, Ely LO, Bohlen JF. Characterizing Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) concentration and change over time in Holstein dairy cattle. Theriogenology. 2021 Jul 1;168:83-89. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.03.007. Epub 2021 Mar 16. PMID: 33872933.

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Baldrighi JM, Sá Filho MF, Batista EO, Lopes RN, Visintin JA, Baruselli PS, Assumpção ME. Anti-Mullerian hormone concentration and antral ovarian follicle population in Murrah heifers compared to Holstein and Gyr kept under the same management. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2014 Dec; 49(6):1015-20.

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Baruselli PS, Batista EOS, Vieira LM, Souza Ah. Relationship between follicle population, AMH concentration and fertility in cattle. Anim Reprod. 2015 Sep. 12 (3): 487-497

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Batista E, Macedo G, Sala R, Filho M, Lopez R, Ortolan M, Valle T, Renno F, Jesus E, Baroselli E. Plasma Antimullerian Hormone as a Predictor of Ovarian Antral Follicular Population in Bos indicus (Nelore) and Bos taurus (Holstein) Heifers. 4/1/2014, Reproduction in Domestic Animals 49(3), DOI:10.1111/rda.12304

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Batistia E, Guerreiro BM, Freitas BG, Silva JCB, Vieira LM, Ferreira RM, Rezende RG, Basso AC, Lopes, R, Renno FP, Souza AH, Baruselli PS. Plasma anti-Mullerian hormone as predictive endocrine marker to select Bos taurus (Holstein) and Bos indicus (Nelore) calves for in vitro embryo production. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 2015 Aug 54: 1-9 epub ahead of print.

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Batistia E, Macedo G, Sala R, Ortolan M, Sa Filho M, Del Valle T, Jesus E, Lopes R, Renno F, Baruselli P. Plasma Anti-mullerian Hormone as a Predictor of Ovarian Antral Follicular Population in Bos indicus (Nelore) and Bos Taurus (Holstein) Heifers. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. 2014 Jun; 49(3):448-452.

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Berdugo J, Tarazona-Moraels A, Echeverry-Zuluaga J, Cordona Maya W, Lopez-Herrera A, Crudeli G, Konrad J, Espasandin G. Antimullerian hormone levels in different bovine species and the relationship with in vitro embryo production. Poster Presentation at the International Embryo Transfer Society, Jan 16-19, 2020, New York, New York.

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Bo G, Anduaga I, Bernal B, Moreira G, Cedeno A, Barajas J, Pelizzari M, Andrada S, Tribulo A. Serum AMH concentrations and in vitro embryo production in beef cattle. Poster presented at 42nd International Embryo Transfer Society Annual Meeting; 2016 Jan; Louisville, Kentucky

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Cardoso CJT, Oliveira Junior JS, Kischel H, Silva WAL, Arruda EDS, Souza-Cáceres MB, Oliveira F A M, Nogueira E, Nogueira GP, Melo-Sterza FA. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a predictor of antral follicle population in heifers. Animal Reproduction, v. 15, p. 12-16, 2018.

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Carter AS. Anti-Mullerian Hormone as a Marker of Oocyte Quantity, Developmental Potential, and Fetal Sex. [Dissertation, 2016]. Ontario (Canada): The University of Guelph.

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Catussi BLC, da Silva LG, Schalch FJ Jr, Auder RMS, Morales JFG, Mingoti RD, Morgulis SCF, Baruselli PS. Prepartum and/or postpartum supplementation with monensin-molasses multinutrient blocks to optimize fertility and calf performance in primiparous beef cows. Anim Biosci. 2022;35(11):1675-1688. doi:10.5713/ab.22.0068.

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Center K, Dixon D, Looney C, Rorie R. Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Follicle Counts as Predictors of Superovulatory Response and Embryo Production in Beef Cattle. Advances in Reproductive Sciences. January 2018 06(01):22-33. DOI: 10.4236/arsci.2018.61003

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Center K. Prediction of Superovulatory Response in Beef Cows Based on Serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Antral Follicle Number. [Thesis].Fayetteville (AR): University of Arkansas.

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Chachere JA. Anti-Mullerian Hormone Concentrations as a Predictor of Superovulation Response and Conception Rate in Beef Females. [Thesis].College Station (TX)]: Texas A&M University.

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Coen SP, Keogh K, Byrne CJ, Lonergan P, Fair S, Crowe MA, Kenny DA. . Effect of plane of nutrition during the first 12 weeks of life on growth, metabolic and reproductive hormone concentrations, and testicular relative mRNA abundance in preweaned Holstein Friesian bull calves. J Anim Sci. 2021 Aug 1;99(8):skab195. doi: 10.1093/jas/skab195

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Copping KJ, Ruiz-Diaz MD, Rutland CS, Mongan NP, Callaghan MJ, McMillen IC, Rodgers RJ, Perry VEA. Peri-conception and first trimester diet modifies reproductive development in bulls. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2017 Nov 16.

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Dickson MJ, Piersanti RL, Ramirez-Hernandez R, de Oliveira EB, Bishop JV, Hansen TR, Ma Z, Jeong KCC, Santos JEP, Sheldon MI, Block J, Bromfield JJ. . Experimentally Induced Endometritis Impairs the Developmental Capacity of Bovine Oocytes. Biol Reprod. 2020 Oct 5;103(4):907. doi: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa129

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Fushimi Y, Monniaux D, Takagi M. Efficacy of a single measurement of plasma anti-Müllerian hormone concentration for ovum pick-up donor selection of Japanese Black heifers in herd breeding programs. J Reprod Dev. 2019 Aug 9;65(4):369-374. doi: 10.1262/jrd.2019-003. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

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Fushimi Y, Okawa H, Monniaux D, Takagi M. Efficacy of a single blood anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentration measurement for the selection of Japanese Black heifer embryo donors in herd breeding programs. J Reprod Dev. 2020 Dec 22;66(6):593-598. doi: 10.1262/jrd.2020-069. Epub 2020 Sep 17. PMID: 32938834; PMCID: PMC7768178.

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Grigoletto L, Santana MHA, Bressan FF, Eler JP, Nogueira MFG, Kadarmideen HN, Baruselli PS, Ferraz JBS, Brito LF. . Genetic Parameters and Genome-Wide Association Studies for Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels and Antral Follicle Populations Measured After Estrus Synchronization in Nellore Cattle. Animals (Basel) . 2020 Jul 13;10(7):1185. doi: 10.3390/ani10071185.

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Guerreiro BM, Batista EO, Vieira LM, Sá Filho MF, Rodrigues CA, Castro Netto A, Silveira CR, Bayeux BM, Dias EA, Monteiro FM, Accorsi M, Lopes RN, Baruselli PS. Plasma anti-mullerian hormone an endocrine marker for in vitro embryo production from Bos taurus and Bos indicus donors. Domestic Animal Endocrinology. 2014 Oct; 49:96-104.

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Ilha GF, Rovani MT, Gasperin BG, Ferreira R, de Macedo MP, Neto OA, Duggavathi R, Bordignon V, Gonçalves P. Regulation of Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Its Receptor Expression around Follicle Deviation in Cattle. Reprod Domest Anim. 2016 Apr;51(2):188-94. Epub 2016 Jan 27.

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Iván AM, Cedeño A, Tríbulo A, Tapia C, Mata J, Mata C, Cavallero J, Bo G. HORMONA ANTIMULLERIANA (AMH) Y PRODUCIÓN INVITRO DE EMBRIONE. June 2017 Argentina [unknown where it was ultimately published].

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Jaques JT, Cardoso RC, Chachere J, Sinha S. Using Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) as a Predictor of Ova Production for Bovine Embryo Transfer. Advances in Reproductive Sciences January 2020 08(01):36-47. DOI: 10.4236/arsci.2020.81004

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Kelly AK, Byrne C, McGee M, Perry GA, Crowe MA, Sauerwein H, Kenny DA. . Effect of calfhood nutrition on metabolic hormones, gonadotropins, and estradiol concentrations and on reproductive organ development in beef heifer calves. J Anim Sci. 2020 Oct 1;98(10):skaa310. doi: 10.1093/jas/skaa310

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Kenichiro S, Yojiro Y, Koji Y, Tomoko S, Seiji K, Masashi N,. Relationships between the antral follicle count, steroidogenesis, and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone and anti Müllerian hormone during follicular growth in cattle. Sakaguchi et al. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology (2019) 17:88 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-019-0534-3

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Konrad J, Berdugo Gutierrez JA, Yuponi R, Vallejos N, Cardona-Maya W, Clerico G, Crudell G, Sansinena M. Superstimulation effect on in vitro embryo production and relationship with anti-mullerian hormone in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) aspirated 7 or 14 days after follicular ablation. Poster Presentation at the International Embryo Transfer Society, Jan 16-19, 2020, New York, New York.

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Kumar A, Kalra B, Patel A, Shah S. New Sensitive Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) ELISAs for Non-Human Primate, Rodent, Equine, Bovine, Canine and Other Species. Poster session presented at: American Association for Clinical Chemistry; 2013; Jul 30-Aug 1; Houston, TX.

All Products Cited: AMH ELISA AL-105; AMH (Bovine) ELISA AL-114; AMH (Canine/Feline) ELISA AL-116; AMH (Equine) ELISA AL-115; AMH (Rat/Mouse) ELISA AL-113

Lopes Dias Queiroz V. Anti-Mullerian Serum Hormone as a Predictor of Puberty in Young Nelore Bulls. [Dissertation, 2014]. Mato Grosso (Brazil)]: Universidade Federal De Mato Grosso Do Sul.

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Machado AF, Guimarães SEF, Netto DLS, Guimarães JD, Torres CAA, Sanglard LP, Gomez-Leon VE. Phenotypic and genetic relationships among anogenital distance, anti-Müllerian hormone, and in vitro embryo production in Gyr dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci. 2024;107(4):2512-2523. doi:10.3168/jds.2023-23497.

All Products Cited: AMH (pico) ELISA AL-124

Maculan R, Pinto TLC, Moreira GM, Vasconcelos GL, Sanches JA, Rosa RG, Bonfim RR, Gonçalves TM, Souza JC. Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), external morphometrics and fertility in Tabapuã cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 2018 Feb;189:84-92.

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Mohamed A. Abedal-Majed, Shelby A. Springman, Courtney M. Sutton, Alexandria P. Snider, Brooke E. Bell, Mariah Hart, Scott G. Kurz, Jeff Bergman, Adam F. Summers, Renee M. McFee, John S. Davis, Jennifer R. Wood, and Andrea S. Cupp “Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A 165 rescues steroids, inflammation and follicle arrest in High Androstenedione cows,” Biology of Reproduction 106(1), 118-131, (2 November 2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioab201

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Rorie RW, Newberry HR, Lester TD, Acharya M, Hansen CR. Anti-Müllerian Hormone at Weaning and Breeding as a Predictor of Beef Heifer Fertility. Reprod Fertil Dev. 2016 Jan;29(1):111-112.

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Sakaguchi K, Yanagawa Y, Yoshioka K, Suda T, Kawano K, Katagiri S, Nagano M. Effects of antral follicle count in ovaries on follicular development and endocrine dynamics of follicle stimulating hormone and steroid hormones in cattle. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 31(1) 185-186, 2018.

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Santa Cruz R, Cushman RA, Viñoles C. Antral follicular count is a tool that may allow the selection of more precocious Bradford heifers at weaning. Theriogenology. 2018 Oct 1;119:35-42. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.06.010. Epub 2018 Jun 19. PMID: 29982134.

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Sasazaki N, Toda K, Hasunuma H, Matsumoto M, Shinya U, Yamato O, et al. Effects of dietary feed supplementation with heat-treated Lactobacillus sakei HS-1 on the health status, blood parameters, and fecal microbes of Japanese Black calves before weaning. Vet World. 2023;16(11):2293-2302. doi:10.14202/vetworld.2023.2293-2302.

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Sequeira M, Guillen S, Meikle A, Viñoles C. Relación entre la máxima cuenta folicular, las concentraciones de hormona antimüleriana y la concepción en vaquillonas Hereford. Poster session presented at Proceedings del 2do Congreso de la Sociedad Argentina de Tecnologías Embrionari a Arbitrado; 2014; May26-27; Buenos Aires, Argentina.

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Stojsin A, Sovernigo T, Filho M, Gillis D, Adona P, Miranda M, Ohashi O, Neal M, Madan P, King A. Plasma anti-müllerian hormone predicts bovine ovary size, number of antral follicles, and overall animal fertility in three breeds of cattle. Poster session presented at Ovarian Club III; 2013 Nov; Paris France.

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Vales C, Recavarren M, Ranochia R, Bianchi C, De La Mata A, De La Mata J, Alberio RH. Determinación de la hormona antimulleriana (AMH) en plasma de vacas superovuladas como predictora de la respuesta. Poster session presented at 2° Congreso de Sociedad Argentina de Tecnologías Embrionarias; 2014; May 28-31; Buenos Aires, AR.

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Widodo OS, Nishihara S, Pambudi D, Kusakabe KT, Taura Y, Nishi Y, Yamato O, Taniguchi M, Takagi M. Relationship between ovary size and Anti-Müllerian hormone levels in Holstein–Friesian cows. Front Vet Sci. 2022;9:828123. doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.828123.

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Widodo OS, Pambudi D, Etoh M, Kokushi E, Uno S, Yamato O, Taniguchi M, Lamid M, Takagi M. Practical application of a urinary zearalenone monitoring system for feed hygiene management of a Japanese Black cattle breeding herd—Relevance to Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Serum Amyloid A clarified from a two-year survey. Toxins (Basel). 2023;15(317):1-10. doi:10.3390/toxins15050317.

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