Activins, like all members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, are synthesized as large pro-hormones with N-terminal pro- and C-terminal mature domains. Studies have shown that the prodomains template the dimerization of pro-activin forms, that are subsequently processed to yield pro/mature fragments. The prodomains, although important for folding and extracellular localization, must be removed prior to activity. Activin forms retaining the prodomain are biologically inactive. Recombinant Human Activin AB is produced from a DNA sequence encoding human Activin βA chain and human βB chain. Activin AB is expressed in CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) cells. Recombinant human mature Activin AB, generated by the proteolytic removal of the propeptides, is a disulfide-linked heterodimer of the mature human Activin βA chain and mature human Activin βB chain. Based on N-terminal sequencing, the βA chain starts at Gly 311 and the βB chain starts at Gly 293. The A and B monomers of recombinant human Activin AB have the same apparent molecular mass of approximately 14 kDa in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

Activin AB ELISA AL-153

Anastasilakis AD, Polyzos SA, Rodopaios NE, Makras P, Kumar A, Kalra B, Mantzoros CS. Activins, follistatins and inhibins in postmenopausal osteoporosis: A proof of concept, case-control study. Metabolism. 2022 Dec 29:155397. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155397. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36587801.

All Products Cited: Activin A ELISA AL-110; Activin B ELISA AL-150; Activin AB ELISA AL-153; Follistatin ELISA AL-117; Inhibin B ELISA AL-107; Inhibin A ELISA AL-123; Follistatin-Like 3 ELISA AL-152

Calvert ME, Kalra B, Patel A, Kumar A, Shaw ND. Serum and urine profiles of TGF-β superfamily members in reproductive aged women. Clin Chim Acta. 2022 Jan 1;524:96-100. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.12.002. Epub 2021 Dec 5. PMID: 34875272; PMCID: PMC8740174.

All Products Cited: Inhibin A (pico) ELISA AL-184; Inhibin B ELISA AL-107; Inhibin (Total) ELISA AL-134; AMH (PCOCheck) ELISA AL-196; Activin A ELISA AL-110; Activin B ELISA AL-150; Activin AB ELISA AL-153; Follistatin ELISA AL-117; GDF-9/BMP-15 Complex ELISA AL-181; GDF-15 (Total) ELISA AL-1014; GDF-15 (H-Specific) ELISA AL-1018

J Cadenas, L C Poulsen, D Nikiforov, M L Grøndahl, A Kumar, K Bahnu, A L M Englund, J Malm, G Marko-Varga, I Pla, A Sanchez, S E Pors, C Yding Andersen, Regulation of human oocyte maturation in vivo during the final maturation of follicles, Human Reproduction, Volume 38, Issue 4, April 2023, Pages 686–700, https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dead024

All Products Cited: Inhibin A ELISA AL-123; Inhibin B ELISA AL-107; Activin B ELISA AL-150; Activin AB ELISA AL-153; Activin A ELISA AL-110; GDF-9 ELISA AL-176; GDF-9/BMP-15 Complex ELISA AL-181; BMP-15 ELISA AL-179

Kalra B, Patel A, Kommareddy V, Ganapathy K, Mistry S, Budhavarapu V, Savjani G, Pasternack A, Ritvos O, Hyvonen M, Kumar A . Development of Novel Specific ELISAs for all Inhibins, Activins and their Binding Proteins FST and FSTL3. Poster presented at 98th Annual Endocrine Society Meeting; 2016 Apr 1-3; Boston, MA.

All Products Cited: Activin A ELISA AL-110; Inhibin A ELISA AL-123; Inhibin B ELISA AL-107; Activin B ELISA AL-150; Activin AB ELISA AL-153; Follistatin ELISA AL-117; Follistatin-Like 3 ELISA AL-152

Kristensen SG, Kumar A, Kalra B, Pors SE, Bøtkjær JA, Mamsen LS, Colmorn LB, Fedder J, Ernst E, Owens LA, Hardy K, Franks S, Andersen CY. Quantitative Differences in TGF-β Family Members Measured in Small Antral Follicle Fluids From Women With or Without PCO. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Dec 1;104(12):6371-6384. doi: 10.1210/jc.2019-01094. PMID: 31287539.

All Products Cited: GDF-9 ELISA AL-179; AMH (pico) ELISA AL-124; Inhibin-A ELISA AL-123; Inhibin-B ELISA AL-107; Inhibin (Total) ELISA AL-134; Activin-A ELISA AL-110; Activin-B ELISA AL-150; Activin AB ELISA AL-153; Follistatin ELISA AL-117; FTSL-3 ELISA AL-152

Kristensen SG, Kumar A, Mamsen LS, Kalra B, Pors SE, Bøtkjær JA, Macklon KT, Fedder J, Ernst E, Hardy K, Franks S, Andersen CY. Intrafollicular concentrations of the oocyte-secreted factors GDF9 and BMP15 vary inversely in polycystic ovaries. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2022 May 2:dgac272. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgac272. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35511085.

All Products Cited: GDF-9 ELISA AL-176; BMP-15 ELISA AL-179; GDF-9/BMP-15 Complex ELISA AL-181; AMH ELISA AL-105; Inhibin A ELISA AL-123; Inhibin B ELISA AL-107; Inhibin (Total) ELISA AL-134; Activin B ELISA AL-110; Activin AB ELISA AL-153; Follistatin ELISA AL-117

Kristensen SG. Altered Levels of TGF-Beta Superfamily Growth Factors in Small Antral Follicle Fluids from Polycystic Ovaries. Poster session presented at the International Congress of Endocrinology, 2018 Dec 1-4, Cape Town South Africa.

All Products Cited: GDF-9 ELISA AL-176; AMH ELISA AL-105; Activin A ELISA AL-110; Activin B ELISA AL-150; Activin AB ELISA AL-153; Follistatin ELISA AL-117

Peradze N, Farr OM, Perakakis N, Lázaro I, Sala-Vila A, Mantzoros CS. Short-term treatment with high dose liraglutide improves lipid and lipoprotein profle and changes hormonal mediators of lipid metabolism in obese patients with no overt type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over, double-…. Peradze et al. Cardiovasc Diabetol (2019) 18:141 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-019-0945-7

All Products Cited: Activin A ELISA AL-110; Activin AB ELISA AL-153; Activin B ELISA AL-150; Follistatin ELISA AL-117;
Follistatin-Like 3 ELISA AL-152

Shah A, Dodson WC, Kris-Etherton PM, Kunselman AR, Stetter CM, Gnatuk CL, Estes SJ, Allison KC, Sarwer DB, Sluss PM, Coutifaris C, Dokras A, Legro RS. Effects of Oral Contraception and Lifestyle Modification on Incretins and TGF-ß Superfamily Hormones in PCOS. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Jan 1;106(1):108-119. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa682. PMID: 32968804; PMCID: PMC7765645

All Products Cited: Activin A ELISA AL-110; Activin AB ELISA AL-153; Inhibin A ELISA AL-123; Inhibin B ELISA AL-107; AMH ELISA AL-105, IGF-I (Total) ELISA AL-121, IGFBP-2 ELISA AL-140; GLP-1 ELISA AL-172; GLP-2 ELISA AL-174; Follistatin ELISA AL-117; Oxyntomodulin ELISA AL-139; Glucagon ELISA AL-157

Technical Documents